Grace hopper biography summary page

  • Grace hopper biography summary page

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    Grace Hopper

    American computer scientist and naval officer (1906–1992)

    For the residential college, see Grace Hopper College.

    Grace hopper biography summary page

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    • For the submarine cable, see Grace Hopper (submarine communications cable).

    Grace Brewster Hopper (née Murray; December 9, 1906 – January 1, 1992) was an American computer scientist, mathematician, and United States Navyrear admiral.[1] She was a pioneer of computer programming.

    Hopper was the first to devise the theory of machine-independent programming languages, and used this theory to develop the FLOW-MATIC programming language and COBOL, an early high-level programming language still in use today.

    She was also one of the first programmers on the Harvard Mark I computer. She is credited with writing the first computer manual, "A Manual of Operation for the Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator."

    Before joining the Navy, Hopper earned a Ph.D.

    in both mathematics and mathematical physics from Yale University and was a professor